Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) is a philosophy, a set of principles, and specific practices aimed at improving manufacturing performance by improving the way that equipment is maintained. It was developed in Japan in the 1960s and 1970s, based on preventative maintenance and productive maintenance (PM) practices developed in the United States. But where PM is focused on the maintenance shop and on mechanics, TPM is team-based and involves all parts and all levels of the organization, including supervisors, plant managers, and perhaps most importantly, operators. It drives toward autonomous maintenance, where the majority of maintenance is done by those closest to the equipment, the operators. In this operating model, the maintenance group can now focus on equipment modifications and enhancements to improve reliability.” King, P.L., (2019). Lean for the Process Industries
Total productive maintenance (TPM) started as a method of physical asset management, focused on maintaining and improving manufacturing machinery in order to reduce the operating cost to an organization. After the PM award was created and awarded to Nippon Denso in 1971, the JIPM (Japanese Institute of Plant Maintenance), expanded it to include 8 Activities of TPM that required participation from all areas of manufacturing and non-manufacturing in the concepts of lean manufacturing. TPM is designed to disseminate the responsibility for maintenance and machine performance, improving employee engagement and teamwork within management, engineering, maintenance, and operations.
There are eight types of Activities in TPM implementation process:
- Kobetsu-Kaizen (Focused improvement) activities
- Jishu-Hozen (autonomous maintenance activity)
- Planned Maintenance activity (planned maintenance activity)
- Hinshitsu-Hozen activity (quality maintenance activity)
- Development Management activity (development Management activity)
- Education and Training activity (education and training activity)
- OTPM (office total productive maintenance, or office TPM)
- Safety, Health and Environment Activity (safety, health and environment)